Brick Township HS & Lake Riviera MS. Margaret Reddan. CO-CURRICULAR. Hope Centers. But, the popularity of BPPs is exactly the reason why evaluation efforts must go beyond assessing satisfaction: we should expect that those involved in BPPs believe that they work and value the programs; otherwise, they would not choose to participate. Please give as much information as possible, as this will help us improve the program for your child. Because schools are central contexts for children's development, efforts have increased in recent years to reduce poverty stigma within school settings by eliminating the detailed differences that mark children's socioeconomic status. August 27, 2021 Digital Backpack. Consider how you can hand out the bags so no child feels bad about participating or sad for not participating in the program” (7). Children's dependence on school meals is not their fault—children are supposed to be dependent on adults to meet their needs—but the suspicion and blame that Americans generally associate with social welfare participation are invoked [see Fraser and Gordon (24)], which becomes attached to the parents who, despite public assistance (free school meals), allegedly have empty cupboards and hungry children. All families enroll and register through the district office. But if that were the goal, it would be better accomplished by providing parents directly with free food or money. 95 Grovers Mill Road. Third, although BPPs are serving many more children than can benefit, BPPs may be beneficial to a small group of school-aged children whose parents, even with supports and access to resources, are not consistently able to manage their children's food needs. Films On Demand. (732) 785-3000 ext 2033. One study showed that schools that elect to offer BPPs have better average test scores than those that elect not to offer them (9). Student Services also manages safety and security, student health and learning supports. By providing kids with the nutrients they need when they're . Backpack food programs provide nutritious, non-perishable, easy-to-prepare food to children to ensure they get enough food on weekends and holidays to avoid hunger when they can't depend on school meals. Along these lines, Flinn and England (37) found that family stability but not material conditions (including diet quality) was related to children's cortisol concentrations, and Kuehn (38) highlighted the importance of parent-centered interventions to disrupting the poverty-stress-development pathway for children. Nonprofit Evaluation Support Program. A "Digital Backpack" is a rolling computer bag Backpack full of cash. Potential positive and negative consequences of school BPPs for targeting, delivery, and taking up of services, and generation of impact1. Camp Lemonade. At its core, it provides them with a way to safely store and share with universities, scholarship agencies, and even employers . Plainsboro, NJ 08536. Because most households that experience food insecurity only do so for a limited period of time, on any given day in 2016 the share of children who were hungry was much lower, estimated between 0.12% and 0.15% of all US households with children (11). The targeting of children to receive food and bring it home from school assumes that parents either cannot or should not receive the food on behalf of their children, and it assumes that food given directly to children will be used as intended. Every weekend, the Feeding America BackPack Program works with over 160 local food banks to provide bags of food to more than 450,000 children. The Stufflebeam (1971) CIPP model is an acronym for Context, Input, Process, and Product Evaluation. Mixed-methods inquiry was used to explore the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of backpack programs within Montana. To sign up, contact the school secretary. While programs like the Backpack Program represent an important component of the nation's efforts to alleviate food insecurity, little is known about the potential impact of the program on children's hun - ger relief and associated factors such as school performance and family climate. College of Social Work, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, and Center for Research in Nutrition and Health Disparities, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, Center for Research in Nutrition and Health Disparities, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. Everybody loves backpack. One program manual suggests that teachers keep large plastic bins in their classrooms throughout the week to store the food bags when they arrive (7). The popularity of JEA's Home Energy Evaluation Kit Backpack program has spurred the utility to add a water-use evaluation kit to the tools offered to homeowners to help them reduce their utility bills. To download the 2018-2019 results, . BPPs began as an informal, small-scale, intuitive response to a practitioner-identified problem; however, they are fast becoming a national movement, affecting many children, families, and school systems. How many trips did you make to state lands the last time you borrowed the backpack? More than 40 million students carry backpacks in America today. Individuals with different positions of the topic of a Perspective are invited to submit their comments in the form of a Perspectives article or in a Letter to the Editor. %PDF-1.5
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The notion that there could be hungry children in a country as affluent as America elicits strong feelings and a sense of collective urgency. Adding food onto what children bring home relieves parents of additional burdens—this may be crucial, particularly for families that have the greatest material and economic hardships, those who live in remote or underserved areas, and those without access to public transportation. Weekend Backpack Program Toolkit Welcome So you are interested in starting a Weekend Backpack Program in your community? English Language Learners. Program Evaluation and Research Tips. Rigorous evaluation of program effects requires allocating funds and adherence to a research protocol. It may be that receiving BPP food allows parents to afford things (clothes, activities, etc.) Our staff is committed to educating the whole child and success for every student. Stakeholders in Montana identified that evaluation would . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Digital Backpack program in a Northern New Jersey School District using the CIPP Management-Based Evaluation model as a framework. BPPs focus on providing children with food that they can prepare and consume without any parental assistance. 609-716-5300. Stigma is often attached to nuanced details that are noticeable largely because of the class status they represent. BPPs aim to reduce children's experiences of household food insecurity by adding free food for the child into the overall household food supply. Although some BPP providers conduct their own program evaluations, those efforts tend to focus on the satisfaction of service providers and recipients rather than an independent assessment of program effects. The next sections unpack this model, examining its underlying assumptions about the problem being addressed and the related theory of change. Segment 12. A national survey of pediatric emergency medicine physicians on improving education in child maltreatment recognition and reporting child abuse & neglect. Since then, food pantries and food banks across the country have begun their own backpack programs to feed hungry children. PCD provides an open exchange of information and knowledge among researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and others who strive to improve the health of the public through chronic disease prevention. Who will feed them this weekend?” (4). (920) 448-7558. A member of the FMC clinical staff will take your call. hޜSmk�@�+�rx�b6�P���8����!�Vs�D�-�3�1��z�egg��g�ى�R |�"����!� �>(���p��Px�K\ Children's food-related stress is exacerbated when they take on responsibilities for acquiring and managing food resources, constraining the time and energy they can devote to education and other developmental demands, and potentially leading to “adultification” [see (32)]. Bernal J, Frongillo EA, Herrera H, Rivera J. Wadsworth ME, Raviv T, Reinhard C, Wolff B, Santiago CD, Einhorn L. Blair C, Granger DA, Willoughby M, Mills-Koonce R, Cox M, Greenberg MT, Kivlighan KT, Fortunato CK; Family Life Project Investigators. How did you learn about the Check Out Washington program? As they navigate these food-related stressors within broader social environments, children feel shame and embarrassment (33) and find ways to hide their food situation from peers, teachers, and others (13). Pack light. For questions or more information, email the Evaluation team. Journal of Children and Poverty, 13(1), 75-95. Backpack Fitting and Posture . BackPack and similar programs are referred to as backpack programs throughout the remainder of this paper. Some programs target even more broadly for all children who are eligible for free or reduced-price school meals. Children who live in food-insecure households have a diet quality similar to that of their food-secure peers (28), and few experience hunger due to not having enough food (11). This work is supported in part by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. Even young children are aware of family food resources (e.g., when SNAP benefits come in each month, when food is running low); and when they perceive parental stress about having enough food, they experience feelings such as worry, sadness, and anger, and they become vigilant in monitoring the household food supply—even in households in which there is ultimately enough to eat (13). But both the problem and the program model are more complex than they first seem. Design. Films Media Group. One child reported feeling ill after eating BPP food to such an extent that his parent opted to stop participating in the program (26). the purpose of this paper is three-fold: 1) to describe. When we start an afterschool program, one common result is an increase in attendance for the children in the program. by James Markwica, MS PT. Tighten the straps so that the pack is close to the body. One BPP manual makes this explicit, explaining that, “Referring a family to a local food pantry is an easy way for an entire family to receive assistance while reserving backpack food items for students whose parents are not willing or able to access local pantries” (23). We offer a variety of co-curricular activities that enhance our students' unique skills and interests. Author information: (1)British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada. BC V6Z 1Y6. How did you learn about the Check Out Washington program? If the goal of BPPs is to reduce food-related stress and worry for children, it would be better to put resources in the hands of parents, thus enhancing parental well-being and capacity to adequately and nutritiously feed their children, and to protect them from poverty-related stress [see, e.g., (40)]. Because these children cannot depend on their parents—so the narrative goes—they need someone else to step in to help (“Who will feed them this weekend?”). Essentially, questions are the fabric of a program evaluation project because they improve focus and guide data collection methods, data analysis, and reporting. One major BPP provider recommends: “Consider the cooking utensils and tools the child has available. August 20, 2021 Digital Backpack. The practical and organizational challenges of implementing a BPP can be substantial, particularly for schools with large programs. Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD) is a peer-reviewed electronic journal established by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Parents will gain an understanding of Canvas and learn how to connect their parent account to their child's account. This project answered these three key questions: (1) The backpack should never weigh more than 10 to 20 percent of the student's total body weight. Published September 24, 2014 at 320 × 107 in Our Stories. In recent years, school-based food backpack programs (BPPs) have come into national prominence as a response to a perceived crisis of child hunger in America. Indeed, being identified by school staff as possibly needing the BPP can itself cause anxiety, alerting children that, despite their efforts to hide their (and their parents’) poverty, somehow school staff have identified them. For instance, a specific clothing brand name or logo accrues benefits to those who wear it and costs to those who do not; not because, for instance, a brand-name coat is itself better in any functional sense, but because it signals the higher socioeconomic status of those who can afford it (44). Guiding Questions for Planning an Evaluation (pdf, 14 KB) Program Evaluation Technical Assistance (pdf, 16 KB) Handout Program Evaluation Worship - M. Berner (pdf, 401 KB) For all registration questions, resetting passwords, or login issues please . The Marlboro Central School District offers equal educational and employment opportunities, including career and technical education opportunities, and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, age, or other protected categories under state or federal law, in its programs and activities and provides equal access to the Boy Scouts and other designated . First, those currently providing BPPs should carefully, openly, and critically consider the issues and information discussed in this Perspective and implications for their programming. For instance, schools seek to make poor and nonpoor children less distinguishable through school uniform requirements (46) and through processes and practices that make means-tested program eligibility less visible (47) (e.g., universal school breakfasts, single lines for full-pay and free or reduced lunch, use of individual codes rather than lunch tickets). But even for these children, we need to know more about the intended and unintended impacts of BPP services on their health and development—and on school systems—through rigorous program evaluation. All rights reserved. The term “food insecurity” is not well understood by the general public, so it may be that the term “at risk of hunger” is being used to make program information more relatable and accessible. We are so proud to have dedicated, student-centered and experienced staff who teach students based on their strengths, allowing opportunities for improvement and the development of character education at all grade levels. Children open their backpacks on the school bus, they ask each other about why they were called out of class, and, when students notice patterns—that those receiving backpacks are also marked as poor in other ways—children who receive food backpacks can be stigmatized and feel shame, embarrassment, and anxiety (26). Helping deliver food to hungry students. The “crisis narrative” [see (21, 22)] of the hungry child is compelling, in part because it capitalizes on the image of the vulnerable child alone: “Sometimes, the meals at school are the only ones they get…Who will feed them this weekend?” Note that the question is not “What will they eat this weekend?” or “What will their parents have to feed them this weekend?” or “When will their parents' wages be enough to provide a decent standard of living?” The missing element is not access to food, not decent jobs and wages, but rather, someone (e.g., the responsible parent) to feed the child. The authors reported no funding received for this study. 1, of Arkansas's total student population of 449,000 students in 2002-03, almost one quarter . BTHS is proud to offer over 40 co-curricular activities, which afford our students an opportunity to engage with the Brick Township community. ewood@hivnet.ubc.ca Start2Finish has seen significant results in at-risk communities across Canada . • Disseminating and using evaluation findings for program improvement. In-text: (Bachenheimer, 2011) Your Bibliography: Bachenheimer, B., 2011. This is critical because regardless of whether BPPs feel good to those who provide and receive them, existing research and theory suggest that we should be concerned that these programs may do real harm—and people need to know what effects are likely so that they can make informed decisions about whether or not to provide BPPs or participate in them. “One in 5 American children face food insecurity—more than the populations of New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago combined. The 2 terms are not equivalent. Rocheleau DE, Steinberg PE, Benjamin PA. Cook JT, Black M, Chilton M, Cutts D, Ettinger de Cuba S, Heeren TC, Rose-Jacobs R, Sandel M, Casey PH, Coleman S, et al. 41 0 obj
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Even this small group of children would likely benefit from delivery systems that better avoid stigma and foods that allow for more nutritious meals than is often provided by BPP. According to the non-profit Hunger Free Colorado, the first backpack program started in 1995 in Little Rock, Arkansas. These bags, containing nutritious and easy to prepare foods, ensure that children have enough to eat when they do not have access to free or reduced-price meals at school. YouTube. Blessings in a Backpack mobilizes communities, individuals and resources to provide food on the weekends for elementary school children across America who might otherwise go hungry. One program manual provides the following “sample food wish list” for their BPP: “Vienna Sausage, Canned Tuna or Chicken, Canned Soups, Chili, Chef Boyardee Pasta Meals, Spaghettio's, Tuna/Chicken Lunch Kits, Beanee Weenees, Macaroni and Cheese, Canned Soup, Peanut Butter, Vegetables, Pork and Beans Snacks, Peanut Butter/Cheese Crackers, Granola Bars, Fruit Cups, Applesauce, Pudding, Individual Cereal, Instant Oatmeal, Fruit/Cereal Bars” (23). The ability to develop and harness public sympathy is an important strategic tool—it may be highly effective for ensuring the organizational capacity necessary to sustain important services and programs, particularly when we lack the political will to adequately resource public antipoverty programs. Pack Program, Backpack for Kids, and Kids Pack Program) in Montana. Opinions expressed in Perspective articles are those of the author and are not attributable to the funder(s) or the sponsor(s) or the publisher, Editor, or Editorial Board of Advances in Nutrition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an ongoing statewide weekend backpack program through the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. The assumption that children go hungry because of inadequate parenting also shapes the type of benefits BPPs provide and how those benefits are provided, as will be discussed below. Nonprofit Evaluation Support Program. Another study analyzing school backpack programs in Arkansas found that implementation of backpack programs improved eighth grade standardized test scores in literacy and math. For more information on how to find a backpack program in your community, or to get involved, check out the Feeding America website. The ongoing, weekly provision of a weekend's worth of food to young children involves decisions with both practical and ethical dimensions, as reflected in this advice to those planning new BPPs: “Many programs work with teachers to distribute the bags to the students. Developing champions on and off the field. Children bring the food home at the end of the school week, then return the empty backpack to school on Monday to be refilled for the following week. In recent years, school-based food backpack programs (BPPs) have come into national prominence as a response to a perceived crisis of child hunger in America. the purpose of this paper is three-fold: 1) to describe. One main mechanism for these relations involves physiologic stress responses (along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis). • Selecting appropriate and acceptable evaluation methods. See everything related to this project. In this way, the details of daily life are important beyond (or even despite) their material effects. Director of Athletics. Kyle Schimpf, principal. ��f�2/����5j��qxB3��h���Lc��LcA�bR}I"��⒤G���cU�cm�q. With the Backpack, they can tell their stories of achievement, accomplishments and ambition. Finally, giving food directly to young children may have a variety of unintended consequences, potentially having negative impacts on parental authority and decision making, family dynamics, and diet quality. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate an ongoing statewide weekend backpack program through the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. How many children under the age of 18 were in your party the last time you checked out the backpack? Stigma is an attribute that identifies its possessor as “different from others” and “of a less desirable kind” (41). In our own work, we learned that some children used BPP food to augment or replace food from home over the weekend (potentially replacing healthier but less desirable parent-provided options with BPP foods), some sold or gave away BPP food on the bus ride home, and others left foods they did not prefer in their desks at school or gave it to parents to discard (26). Today, bags of food are assembled at more than 160 local food banks and then distributed to more than 450,000 children at the end of the week. Anti-Bullying Specialist. Other programs distribute the food in a central location, like the front office. h�b```f``��\�������}�Tx�'00DΜ����{$l��Y�p�JCGSFGCGG�!dpt k���4�EB���
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If the message is not always of the unwilling parent, it is of the inadequate or unavailable one. We then assess the BPP model in light of existing knowledge, concluding that BPPs fit poorly with the needs of the majority of children living in food-insecure households in the United States and consequently put children at risk of negative consequences associated with worry, shame, stigma, and disruptions to family functioning. In part, the expansion reflects the commonsense appeal of the BPP approach—if children are hungry, we should give them food—and the satisfaction that people feel when they can help make things better. Organize the backpack to use all of its compartments. As such, these articles could include statements based on author opinions or point of view. Grounded in an assumption that hungry children must feed themselves over the weekend, BPPs tend to provide foods that are limited in nutritional quality (25). 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