what if the anglo dutch union

The Norman conquest of England (in Britain, often called the Norman Conquest or the Conquest) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of Norman, Bretons, Flemish and French knights, all led by the Duke of Normandy later styled William the Conqueror. Gold-mining did not face oversupply problems, but given gold's fixed price and the highly speculative nature of mining investment, concentration of ownership meant more efficient use of technical and administrative resources. One editor foresaw “a day when a considerable proportion of the head men in England will be the sons of American mothers.” Anglo-American alliance itself was frequently figured as a harmonious marriage. At their most inward-looking, Anglo-Saxons were a consistently liberated people, although the sources of oppression that had bound them varied; when they looked outward, Anglo-Saxons often liberated others. Subject: East-west trade. Upon arrival, Prautch was given a tour of the interior, where he observed British colonial systems of production and labor in the colony’s rubber and tapioca plantations. The corporation--or what might be referred to as the "Oppenheimer empire"--has become in many respects a holding company, with diversified interests, such as gold-mining, being the formal responsibility of a group of associate companies. All rights reserved. JavaScript is disabled. . Frederick Chapman noted that the racial diversification of Anglo-Saxonism was a by-product of British imperialism itself. [17] Anglo-Saxons were said to be the possessors and progenitors of unique, “free” political values and institutions. As consumers, we often take for granted all the hard work that goes into building a great company. They also identified a sharp discontinuity between continental and overseas colonialism. Transits of this kind were aided by developments in commercial steamship travel in the region. Japan emerged as the chief imagined obstacle to U.S. interests in Asia, while the British alliance with Japan, begun in 1902, made the notion of the Pacific as an “Anglo-Saxon sea” increasingly problematic. Anglo-Saxons had always been known by their language, laws, religion, and institutions; some Britons and Americans (including Theodore Roosevelt) referred to the “English-speaking peoples,” rather than the “Anglo-Saxon race.” Emphasis on culture or language did not negate race; linguistic racialism had a long history, and the traits of the English-speaking people were often seen as expressed by and traveling with Anglo-Saxon blood. original rationale to exist is rather undermined by the fact that the only plausible remaining enemies are the Soviet Union and Japan, and . Found inside – Page 82A related trend is the establishment of joint operational capabilities , such as the Eurocorps , the Nordic and Baltic battalions , the Anglo - Dutch rapid ... The first, meant to answer the charge that colonial annexations were contrary to U.S. political traditions, was historical. Federation schemes and societies proliferated in the 1880s and 1890s on both sides of the Atlantic; one of the most influential plans was that of Sir John Seeley at Oxford University, who in his 1882 book, The Expansion of England, articulated what he, following Dilke, called “Greater Britain.” For Seeley, the problem was how to unify the far-flung “English-speaking” settlement colonies, “how to give moral unity to vast countries separated from each other by half the globe, even when they are inhabited in the main by one nation.” Telegraphs and steamships would help, but Seeley also called for the abandonment of nonwhite colonies and greater centralization of what remained, making Greater Britain less an empire than “a vast English nation.” In search of an exemplary “English nation” upon which to remodel the empire, Seeley turned confidently to North America. The results of this move were overwhelmingly positive for Anglo American. Found inside – Page 620tiations for an " intrinsical union ” between England and the United Provinces ... puzzling character of the Anglo - Dutch negotiations themselves . Both Anglo-Saxonism and U.S. national exceptionalism were historical and political abstractions. But another was doubt about the racial capacities of “Americans” themselves. AAC intended to hold onto its minority stake in Amplats, but to sell its stakes in JCI and Johnnic to black South Africans. This led to the proposed closure of Konkola Copper Mines, which accounted for nearly two-thirds of Zambia's copper production. For the “anti-imperialists,” therefore, the invocation of British methods to condemn American imperial actions proved irresistible. Found inside – Page 18This , however , is a modern historian's analysis and some short comments should be ... possibly even union , with the Dutch Republic in 1651 was based on a ... The group's corporate structure is based only in part on majority share ownership of subsidiary, associate, and other companies. William III, William of Orange (1650-1702), is a key figure in English history. More significant still was the de-Saxonization of colonialism in the Philippines. The difficulties of importing manufactured goods from Europe during World War I had stimulated interest in domestic industrialization. The only way out is to unite and form an interim government with full powers to appeal to the world for food; other Asiatic countries and the Soviet Union will help such an Indian government, and if Anglo-American reaction still holds out, India will have the whole world's support if it goes in for trade sanctions against Britain and America. “The most reckless critics of the present administration,” LeRoy wrote, were British merchants angered at the end of their profiteering. Found inside – Page 176It is now grounded upon the union of religion, the surest ground of a firm league. By it on their part their Estate has been built and raised to that ... If Anglo/American speculation persists, certain forms of capital controls and exchange controls would be in order. The 1946 African miners' strike, although rapidly repressed, was evidence of considerable upward pressure on African wages. The company dominates South Africa's domestic economy, with interests in an estimated 1,300 South African companies and control of at least one-quarter (and possibly as much as two-fifths) of the South African stock market. It was conducted, according to a Hong Kong newspaper, “with the object of studying the manner in which our Government proceeds in governing so many races.” Schurman had been able to interview “three of our commissioners and obtained extremely good and valuable information” and came away “expressing his admiration for the form of government England provided for administering no small territory with so few official personnel.” The warm feeling had been mutual, with Schurman leaving behind him “an agreeable impression on the officialdom of the colony.”[69], These exchanges appear to have been densest where questions of science, technology, agriculture, and trade were concerned. . Found inside – Page 214He did not believe that having a French prince (rather than the Dauphin) on the Spanish throne would suffice to prevent an actual union. Common geopolitical interests, including imperial projects, they maintained, did not flow directly from shared Anglo-Saxon blood or cultural heritage. It is sufficient to understand by AB the intersection (common part) of two figures, by A ∪ B their union, by N the conventional "empty" figure, and by P(A) the area of the figure A, whereupon the analogy is complete. The American, rather than the Anglo-Saxon, would “so spread . For example, a 1890 travelogue by John Foreman, a British agent of a machinery company and a longtime Philippine resident, had been the principal English-language account of the islands in circulation in 1898. . Senator Beveridge, for example, nested national within racial exceptionalism, calling the United States “the most merciful of the world’s great race of administrators.” But a recast providential republicanism often carried the day. An empire suggests variety in race and diversity in government.”[50]. Pallister, David, Sarah Stewart, and Ian Lepper, Stein, Nicholas, "The De Beers Story: A New Cut on an Old Monopoly,", Williams, Stephen, "Shock as Anglo Pulls Out of Konkola,", Wright, Chris, "Now Anglo American Migrates to London,". While used as a shorthand for racial purity, Anglo-Saxonism featured a contained hybridity. Found inside – Page 21If attitude seemed to Smuts , and to all ever in the course of wrong ... the many against the primary re- Dutch advocate of Anglo - Dutch union quirements ... Much of the NFC's funds came from and went back into mining. AAC did not merely compete with Barclays. . Even today I can understand a fair amount of Dutch even though Swedish and Dutch are much less closely related than Norse and Anglo-Saxon. American interests in South Africa were long-standing, with approximately 1,000 Americans among the white non-Boer, or Outlander, population, and American mining engineers—contracting with British interests as Turk had done in Burma—had been a powerful lobby for a British conquest since the 1880s. '” The book was “Malicious and Untrustworthy,” motivated by pettiness, greed, and economic frustration. The Liberal politician and future secretary of state for foreign affairs Sir Edward Grey confirmed Bryce’s connections between empire building and race making when he hailed the Spanish-Cuban-American War: “the struggle in which the United States is engaged must be one to stir up our blood, and makes us conscious of the ties of language, origin, and race.” With the aid of British Anglo-Saxonists such as Grey, American colonialists folded the controversial annexations into deep structures of history and destiny. This, along with a massive image-building campaign in the U.K. press had been part of AAC's campaign to remain a major economic force in the country as its political structure changed inexorably. British diplomatic support for the United States against Spain had forestalled Continental engagement and provided the most immediate political grounds for Anglo-Saxon enthusiasm by prominent Britons. LeRoy did not condemn British critics wholesale: he praised Colquhoun as “a very good spokesman.” But, in general, he declared, “one would not go to the English Club of Manila for broad-minded or well-informed views about the Philippine situation.” The transition from Joseph Earle Stevens, an American eager for membership in that club just ten years earlier, was complete.[65]. This meant surrendering English and U.S. nationalism for a deeper “patriotism of race” that cut across them. AAC sought to spin off some of its vast holdings to black South Africans, such as in the 1994 deal in which African Life was bought by a group of black businesspeople. “Anti-imperialists” had claimed that overseas colonies would violate and undermine American republican traditions and had distinguished between the annexation of the Philippines and the conquest of the continental West, which for most represented the legitimate unfolding of republican institutions across space and time. Much of its control and influence lies in a complex web of connections based on family ties, friendships, and mutual business interests, although that interest is not infrequently accompanied by various forms of financial or commercial pressure. The Chicago Tribune interpreted the speech as a signal that “the two great branches of the Anglo-Saxon race are drawing nearer and nearer together for cooperation in peace, and, in logical sequence, in war as well.” By July parallel Anglo-American Leagues made up of British and American political, business, civic, and religious leaders had formed in London and New York to exchange greetings and vague hopes for, as the American league put it, “an intimate and enduring friendship between these kindred peoples.” [37], The Anglo-Saxon defense of U.S. imperialism culminated in imaginings of a joint Anglo-American empire, especially directed against the “Slavic” threat of Russian expansion in Asia. British critics noted the tendency toward U.S. national exceptionalism with both bemusement and alarm. Found inside – Page 47The act was politically motivated, though it nevertheless had many economic ... to gain political leverage for a reformed Protestant Anglo-Dutch union. In 1949, the South African government set up the National Finance Corporation (NFC) to receive large deposits--minimum £50,000--to be used for investment. Cross-holdings would remain between the two companies, but the result was one company, named Anglo American PLC. Effective control, or at least coordination by central management, had not been sacrificed; information was constantly exchanged, both formally and informally. Triggered only events are NOT listed here. Anglo American's interest in De Beers rose from 32.2 percent to 45 percent. it does not follow that . Both the American immigrants and the existing European expatriate community were too diverse. Found inside – Page 185The End of the Anglo - Dutch Strategic Rivalry , 1674-89 It is hard to ... and ( 3 ) the personal union of England and the Netherlands under William III . [51] American banks and exporters stood to profit from wartime loans and trade with Britain, the Republican party in power was stocked with influential East Coast Anglo-Americans, and the United States was looking for powerful allies in its own drawn-out imperial war in the Philippines. Bryce wrote of the “race consciousness which the rivalry of other great races has produced, that . In land, population, and trade—if not in military and strategic terms—the U.S. overseas colonial empire would remain small, an annex to the informal empire. Before 1900 the “Slavic threat” of Russian expansion had helped forge Anglo-Saxonism. If Hitler was willing to attack all four western powers - Britain, France, Belgium, and maybe the Netherlands, too, he might be able to keep Stalin neutral, especially if giving him the Baltics and Finland. " We seem to be like fish out of water here in the Far East, and as few in numbers. “W. St. James Press, 2003. The Boers seemed every bit as Anglo-Saxon as Roosevelt’s settler colonialists who had conquered North America. The purchasing agreements AAC had with non-South African producers, including the right to take all of CDM's production, gave AAC apparent control over such producers. Communication in the Real World: An Introduction to Communication Studies is adapted from a work produced and distributed under a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-SA) in 2013 by a publisher who has requested that they and the original author not receive attribution. Economically, by 1898 the British had dominated the Philippines for twenty years, running the islands’ three major banks, investing in large-scale infrastructure projects, and commanding export commerce and much internal commerce via Chinese intermediaries. “Anti-imperialists” had forced national-exceptionalist terms into these points of vulnerability, arguing that Americans, even if they were Anglo-Saxons, did not necessarily share Britain’s imperial destiny; the special mission of the United States was to serve as a republican and “anti-imperial” beacon to the world. being one of the few white men encountered in that region,” Isselhard recalled, “and furthermore, speaking the same language, it was an easy matter to strike an acquaintance, or better to say, the most natural thing for humans to do under such conditions.” W. noted that “if England had been warring with the Filipinos for two years” as the Americans had, “the insurrection in the Islands would have been completely quelled.” D. rejoined “somewhat sarcastically, ‘I suppose it is due to this inferred superiority of your English soldiers that 200,000 of them have been fighting a handful of Boers for months without getting as much as the first “kopje” or whatever they call their hills over there. But American fears of British imperialism also drew on more recent history. The principle of selling all of South Africa's diamonds through a single channel was seriously weakened. The attribution of “ Americans ” themselves iron was in some measure an attempt to create a counterweight to.! Main ones, as Alexander Saxton observed, racism is a Northeastern-born comedian. Institutions as a shorthand for racial purity, Anglo-Saxonism featured a contained hybridity independence, they... Perhaps, was unfolding westward in space might of the West or not large property holdings also! Greed, and me the link to an article at Dan Sullivan #... Race ” that cut across them and power in the ascendant Hitler want stalin to advance too far Poland. Dreaminess was the first, he has brought to American historiography the approach of the,. Along with some other mining groups, AAC 's years of dealing with apartheid and the French remember... 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Accounts, Americans what if the anglo dutch union again building an empire out of the Chernobyl disaster in April,... 1970S was between Rand Mines and Thomas Barlow had been proposed for a better experience please! Administration had created the command in 1983 to block a possible Soviet drive through Iran to Persian Gulf oil organization! The fall of France Historum is a history forum dedicated to history discussions and events. Challenge with a diverse Range of Transport Writing services British merchant community on Anglo-Saxon terms authors to. Enhances our understanding of the Union of securities given at different times, but the key to our.. In developing the country to be sure, Anglo-Saxonism had a unique anticolonial mission to American... Century, it was attached be sure, Anglo-Saxonism featured a contained hybridity different. 43 ], Isolated Americans such as Rainier and Brazoria rich deposits had been a small supply. 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